Community and Interculturality in Dialogue
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Dimensions of psychosocial care in the teaching profession
Introduction: working conditions and the nature of work have changed dramatically in recent decades. Current work environments are characterized by an increasing emphasis on knowledge and information-based work. Aim: to describe the dimensions of psychosocial care in the teaching staff as a result of the tensions and changes in the current scenarios of the educational sector. Methods: a qualitative phenomenological documentary study was designed to identify categories of analysis related to the dimensions of psychosocial care of people who work as teachers in the Argentine context. Results: the teaching activity implies important emotional demands that require sustained emotional effort. Academic work requires teachers to interact with a great diversity of actors. Increasing levels of competitiveness with greater demands on the quality of processes and results. Teaching is typified as one of the most stressful occupations due to high cognitive and emotional demands, increasing work overload, conflicting schedules, job instability and difficulties in reconciling academic and family life. Conclusions: the study of psychosocial risks assumes a vital role in universities, where academic professionals constitute their main strategic asset. A systemic knowledge of the work factors that expose academics to greater psychosocial risk is essential for the development of preventive policies and strategies to reduce work demands and/or increase the resources available to cope with them
Copyright (c) 2022 Carlos Oscar Lepez , Erika Johanna Quisbert , María Ester Gomez, Irene Amelia Simeoni (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Social projection of Pharmacology from medical education
Introduction: pharmacology has been positioned as a fundamental pillar of university medical training, and as such, it obeys a process that contributes to increasing the skills of future health professionals. Objectives: describe the link between Pharmacology and society, from medical education. Methods: a documentary review was carried out on the social projection of Pharmacology from medical education, in national and foreign publications, using the PubMed, Scielo and Dialnet databases. All documents published in the last five years were selected, which included the keywords: Pharmacology, Society, Medical education. Conclusions: from medical education, Pharmacology must achieve greater social reach in relation to new advances in science and technology. Thus enabling comprehensive training of the future doctor in the solution of health problems through adequate prescription and rational use of medications
Copyright (c) 2023 Yangel Fuentes Milián (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comprehensive care strategy at El Guayabo Penitentiary Center
Introduction: this research is based on the framework of comprehensive oral health care for people deprived of liberty, to ensure that health services ensure their continuity of care, with a quality of care similar to that accessed by the population does not have this limitation. Objective: to develop a comprehensive oral health care strategy at the “El Guayabo” Penitentiary Center on the Isla de la Juventud from October 2021 to October 2022. Methods: an intervention study was carried out on 227 inmates, matching the universe and the sample. The variables were taken into account: age, oral diseases, level of oral health knowledge, oral health knowledge survey and results of the strategy. With prior informed consent, a survey of knowledge of oral health, Stomatological Clinical History, curative and rehabilitative treatment was carried out on each of the patients who were part of the research. Results: before the intervention was applied, dental caries and poor level of knowledge predominated in 71,3 % and 66,9 % of the inmates respectively; managing to reduce the prevalence of dental caries and improve the level of knowledge to be regulated in the majority of inmates after applying the educational strategy; In addition, 47 % of the sample was cured. Conclusions: the implementation of the comprehensive oral health care strategy had a significant impact on the reduction of oral diseases among inmates
Copyright (c) 2024 Douglas Crispin-Rodríguez, Douglas Crispin-Castellanos, Nila Ledesma-Céspedes, Gisier Reyes-Cortiña, Antonia María Lamorú-Pardo, Ennis Ivonnet-Gutiérrez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Cultural beliefs and parental support for female genital mutilation practices in Ibadan, Oyo State
Introduction: female genital mutilation (FGM) remains a persistent cultural practice in Nigeria despite decades of advocacy against it. This study examined cultural beliefs and parental support for FGM in Ibadan City, Oyo State of Nigeria, where parental decisions and community norms significantly influence its continuation. The purpose was to assess parents’ knowledge of FGM practices, identify cultural beliefs sustaining the practice, and determine the level of parental support within the study area. Method: a descriptive survey design was adopted, targeting parents across the five local government areas of Ibadan. Using a multistage sampling technique, 400 respondents were selected, with 342 valid responses analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests at a 0.05, level of significance. Results: findings revealed that although FGM still exists in Ibadan, perceptions indicate a gradual decline in its prevalence and social endorsement. Most respondents disagreed with cultural beliefs linking FGM to purity, obedience, or family honor, though traces of religious and traditional justification persist. Parental support for FGM was generally low, with stronger support found in rural than urban areas. Hypothesis testing showed that age and education significantly influenced parental support, while gender and religion did not. Conclusions: The study concludes that cultural beliefs and parental support for FGM are weakening in Ibadan, signaling a gradual cultural shift. It recommends strengthening anti-FGM laws, expanding culturally sensitive health campaigns, integrating FGM awareness into educational curricula, and focusing interventions on rural communities where support remains stronger.
Copyright (c) 2025 Olugbade Ayopo Dawodu, Aderonke Olaitan Adesina, Iyanu Emmanuel Olatunbosun (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Legal Clinics of the University of Havana: Challenges and Perspectives Since Their Inception
ABSTRACT: The article critically examines the evolution and implementation of legal clinics in Cuba as a response to the limitations of traditional legal education, which has long been characterized by a dogmatic and theoretical approach. Using a qualitative methodology based on documentary analysis—including academic literature, legal regulations, curricula, and institutional reports—it systematizes the experiences of the University of Havana, structured around three axes: historical background, methodological approaches, and structural obstacles. It contextualizes the emergence of the clinical movement in the United States, Europe, and Latin America, emphasizing its pedagogical and social role in expanding access to justice. In Cuba, the pioneering experience at the University of Havana shows progress in free legal assistance, experiential learning, and community engagement, despite facing curricular, material, and normative limitations. The article proposes strategies for institutionalization, regulatory strengthening, inter-institutional articulation, and rigorous impact evaluation. It concludes that legal clinics are a transformative tool for a critical, ethical, and socially engaged legal education, with the central challenge being their structural consolidation and territorial expansion.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julio César Arranz Flores , Brenda García Herrera (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Legal pluralism and islamic law: challenges and reforms in the arab world
In this article, I presented a comparative and critical analysis of the Arab legal system, aiming to understand its normative structure, historical evolution, and relevance in the international context. Based on a rigorous methodological approach, I examined the sources of law—including Sharia, statutory legislation, jurisprudence, and custom—as well as the institutional configurations of representative countries such as Egypt, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia. I addressed contemporary legal reforms in the areas of family, gender, and human rights, highlighting the tensions between Islamic tradition and legal modernity, as well as the challenges faced in harmonizing legal systems with international standards. I contributed to the debate on legal pluralism, representative justice, and legitimacy in global governance by proposing a contextualized and non-Eurocentric reading of comparative law. Among the main contributions of this work, I emphasized the articulation of theoretical frameworks with indexed sources, the integration of diverse legal experiences, and the projection of proposals to strengthen the normative agency of the Arab world in multilateral arenas. I directed this study toward researchers, jurists, and diplomats interested in institutional transformation, international legal cooperation, and the reform of the global legal order from a critical and pluralistic perspective.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julio César Arranz Flores, Brenda García Herrera (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ecoprint hijab-making training for community empowerment in Kampung Emas Sayegan
Introduction: Kampung Emas Sayegan possesses abundant natural resources but faces low economic welfare, particularly among women whose creativity in the fashion sector remains underutilized. In 2024, the village was designated as a community empowerment laboratory by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Objectives: This study aimed to empower women by providing training in hijab-making using natural ecoprint techniques to enhance creativity, technical skills, and economic opportunities. Method: The program applied a Participatory Action Research (PAR) design involving 25 PKK women from Sayegan. The stages included assessment, planning, execution, mentoring, reflection, and follow-up. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, observation, and product evaluation. Key variables measured were knowledge, production skills, and product quality. Analyses used descriptive statistics and normalized gain scores. Result: Participants’ knowledge increased significantly, with a normalized gain score of 0,89 and a 43,06-point improvement from pre- to post-test. The hijabs achieved an average quality score of 4,30/5,00, excelling in motif clarity, colour composition, uniqueness, and proportionality. Scores for STEAM-based techniques, pre-treatment, and independent production averaged above 4,29. Participant satisfaction reached an average of 4,28 across all respondents. Conclusion: The ecoprint hijab-making training effectively enhanced participants’ skills, product quality, and entrepreneurial motivation. This initiative demonstrates that eco-fashion, integrated with STEAM-based methods, can serve as an innovative and sustainable approach to women’s economic empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Kholifah, Triyanto, Resi Sepsilia Elvera, Fitria Oktariani, Desnanda Putri Sagita (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Use Of Pain Assessment Scales In Non-Communicative And Communicative Patients
Introduction: Adequate pain management in non-communicative patients represents a critical challenge in healthcare. Globally, approximately 50 % of non-communicative critically ill patients experience pain during their stay in intensive care units. However, the use of validated scales such as the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) remains limited. In Ecuador, 87 % of medical staff do not use scales to assess pain, resulting in 66 % of patients not receiving an adequate assessment and 92 % experiencing ineffective pain management. Objective: to analyze the clinical utility and application of validated scales for the assessment of pain in non-communicative patients in hospital settings. Methods: a systematic review was conducted with a qualitative-descriptive approach, using the PRISMA methodology. Twenty-seven articles published between 2020 and 2025, in English and Spanish, located in scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo, were included. Results: the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS), the Pain Indicator Behavior Scale (ESCID), PAINAD, CPOT, and NCS-R were the most frequently used. These tools were found to have good validity and reliability for detecting pain in non-communicative critically ill patients and were effective in procedures such as tracheal aspiration and mobilization. New technologies have also shown advances in the automation of pain diagnosis, although with limitations in standardization. Conclusion: adequate pain assessment in non-communicative patients is possible through validated behavioral scales, whose clinical application requires ongoing professional training and adaptation to the patient's context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisseth Monserrath Defaz Defaz, Keneth Josué Sisalema Bonito, Joselyn Nathaly Tituaña Saquinga, Lisbeth Paulina Torres Iza, Jeannette Mercedes Acosta Nuñez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Social networks addiction and self-perception in students, according to marjory gordon's theory
Introduction: The use of social networks has been essential around the world, given their conditioning capacity, they can influence people's self-perception. Objective: To determine the relationship between addiction to social networks and alterations of the Self-Perception Pattern in students. Methods: Quantitative with correlational and cross-sectional scope, the sample consisted of 70 students. The Social Network Addiction Questionnaire and the section corresponding to pattern 7 of the Functional Patterns Assessment Guide were used. Results: A moderate positive correlation was found between Social Network Addiction and alterations in Self-Esteem (Rho = 0.374) and Body Image (Rho = 0.334). The strongest and most positive relationships were between the Excessive Use dimension with Body Image (Rho = 0.729) and Obsession with Self-Esteem (Rho = 0.667). Conclusion: There is a moderate positive relationship between Social Network Addiction and alterations of Self-Esteem and Body Image.
Copyright (c) 2025 Franklin Fernando Arias Constante, Miriam Fernández Nieto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transforming Teacher Competency in Coastal Areas through Training on Digital Worksheet Design Using Canva
Introduction: this inquiry seeks to overcome the insufficient technological and pedagogical capabilities observed among educators in the coastal district of Muara Gembong, Indonesia. Structured training in designing digital Student Worksheets (LKPD) using the Canva application was delivered to advanced participants to enhance their digital literacy and instructional design expertise. The initiative was framed within the Independent Curriculum and sought to generate a sustainable uplift in teacher competencies through context-sensitive and practice-based professional development. Method: employing a Participatory Action Research (PAR) paradigm, the investigation incorporated 15 junior secondary teachers as collaborative co-researchers. The design unfolded across four interrelated phases: a needs diagnostic, training workshops, the classroom deployment of developed materials, and a reflective evaluation. Quantitative indicators comprised digital literacy levels, instructional design proficiency, and overall participant satisfaction. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical treatment and normalized gain (N-Gain) computations to quantify cognitive advancements. Results: aggregate teacher performance on teacher knowledge assessments rose from a mean of 43,33 (pretest) to 81,33 (posttest), yielding a normalized gain of 0,67, which situates the level of enhancement within the moderate-to-high category. The majority of participants produced digital worksheets characterized by visually coherent design and congruence with specified curriculum goals. Aggregate satisfaction ratings for trainers and the training itinerary eclipsed the threshold of 81 points, thereby classifying feedback as “very good.” In addition to cognitive strides, teachers conveyed heightened self-efficacy and observable increases in student engagement during the materials’ classroom application. Conclusions: The program significantly enhanced teachers’ expertise in creating digital instructional strategies. Its emphasis on collaborative, hands-on engagement demonstrated both effectiveness and flexibility in contexts traditionally lacking resources. The initiative, therefore, presents a replicable framework for ongoing professional advancement and actively cultivates networks of peer learning among educators in underserved communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rina Febriana Hendrawan, Muhammad Nurtanto, Nurulita Imansari, Ivan Hanafi, Rizka Putri Aulia Rahmah, Salsabila Dui Jasmine (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Occupational risks for nursing interns according to their working conditions
Introduction. Working conditions are the combination of physical, organizational, and environmental factors present in the workplace. Occupational hazards are those elements that can harm the physical, mental, or emotional well-being of workers. In the field of nursing, these hazards include exposure to biological, chemical, and physical agents. Methodology. A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with 75 eighth-semester nursing students from the Technical University of Ambato, Ecuador. Two validated questionnaires were used to assess working conditions and occupational hazards. Data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. Results. 76 % of students reported a high biological risk, followed by 50,7 % for chemical risk, and 65,3 % for physical risk. Working conditions were perceived as inadequate, especially in intra-work aspects. A significant correlation was observed between poor working conditions and exposure to occupational hazards (p < 0,05). Conclusions. The alternative hypothesis is accepted in all four cases. That is, there is a direct and strong relationship between occupational conditions and hazards and their biological, chemical, and physical dimensions. Improving aspects such as workload and supervision could significantly reduce these risks, highlighting the need to establish safety policies and protocols in healthcare institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Judith Maribel Apo Campos , Miriam Fernández Nieto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effectiveness of the kangaroo method in premature infants
Introduction: prematurity is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality, the Mother Kangaroo Method (MMC), developed in 1978 in Colombia, emerges as an effective and humanized alternative for premature neonates, based on skin-to-skin contact, strengthening the maternal bond, regulating temperature and promoting breastfeeding. It reduces neonatal mortality by 40 % and optimizes hospital resources. Although it faces cultural and structural challenges worldwide, its implementation can improve the quality of life of newborns and their families. Objective: to determine the effectiveness of the Kangaroo Method in preterm infants. Methods: this article uses a systematic review supported by the PRISMA 2020 Declaration, with a qualitative-descriptive approach. The PICO model was used to define the research question, scientific articles from the last 5 years were reviewed in ten databases, using MeSH terms, DeCs and using Bilean operators, related to the Kangaroo method and its effectiveness. Results: a compilation of studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the kangaroo method in improving the quality of life, basing this on different categories supported by authors who defend this method as an effective and recommended alternative to problems such as breastfeeding, socioeconomic level or medical problems that arise in premature newborns. Conclusions: CMM is an effective strategy to care for preterm newborns, however, despite its multiple benefits, there is a lack in terms of its application, for this reason the dissemination of this effective method is sought.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sheila Melany Tacuri Pérez, Jeannette Mercedes Acosta Nuñez, María Belén Maigua Guanoluisa , Tatiana Carolina Trujillo Herrera, Giomara Doménica Oña Moya (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nursing strategies to improve treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes
Introduction: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent chronic disease, projected to affect more than 700 million adults by 2045. Improving adherence to treatment remains a challenge in Latin America and Ecuador, due to communication and socioeconomic barriers. Patient-centred nursing strategies and digital health emerge as promising alternatives. Methods: a qualitative and descriptive systematic review was conducted under PRISMA 2020 and the PICO approach, including studies from 2020 to 2025 in recognised scientific databases, evaluated with CASP and JBI. Results: the data, summarised in tables, show that the nursing strategies identified to improve adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes were grouped into educational interventions, behavioural support, continuous monitoring and use of technological reminders. The quality of the studies was assessed through criteria such as the validity of the instruments and the relevance of the findings. Conclusión: personalised and tailored nursing strategies optimise glycaemic control and quality of life, and standardised protocols and evidence for clinical practice are recommended.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kimberly Anais Pineda Quitio, Yulisa Isabel Soria Yupangui, Emily Obdulia Analuisa Analuisa, Siomara Abigail Loja Lasluisa, Jeannette Mercedes Acosta Nuñez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Use of pain assessment scales in non-communicative patients
Introduction: adequate pain management in non-communicative patients represents a critical challenge in healthcare. Globally, approximately 50 % of non-communicative critically ill patients experience pain during their stay in intensive care units. However, the use of validated scales such as the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) remains limited. In Ecuador, 87 % of medical staff do not use scales to assess pain, resulting in 66 % of patients not receiving an adequate assessment and 92 % experiencing ineffective pain management. Objective: to analyze the clinical utility and application of validated scales for the assessment of pain in non-communicative patients in hospital settings. Method: a systematic review was conducted with a qualitative-descriptive approach, using the PRISMA methodology. Twenty-seven articles published between 2020 and 2025, in English and Spanish, located in scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo, were included. Results: the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS), the Pain Indicator Behavior Scale (ESCID), PAINAD, CPOT, and NCS-R were the most frequently used. These tools were found to have good validity and reliability for detecting pain in non-communicative critically ill patients and were effective in procedures such as tracheal aspiration and mobilization. New technologies have also shown advances in the automation of pain diagnosis, although with limitations in standardization. Conclusions: adequate pain assessment in non-communicative patients is possible through validated behavioral scales, whose clinical application requires ongoing professional training and adaptation to the patient’s context.
Bridging Culture and Care: The Role of Ethnographic Inquiry in Contemporary Nursing Practice
Introduction: Ethnography has gained increasing relevance in nursing research by enabling the understanding of cultural meanings attributed to health, illness, and care. This study aims to analyze the application of ethnography in the nursing discipline, with a particular focus on ethnonursing as a theoretical and practical field that supports culturally congruent care. Methods: A literature analysis was conducted, focusing on studies and theoretical contributions that explore the integration of ethnographic approaches in nursing. Emphasis was placed on the epistemological foundations of ethnography, participant observation techniques, interviews, and documentary research, as well as on the identification of ethical and methodological challenges. Results: The findings reveal that ethnonursing provides a robust framework for understanding cultural contexts in healthcare. The literature highlights its relevance in promoting care practices that respect cultural diversity and improve the nurse-patient relationship. Key methodological tools such as participant observation and cultural interviews are central to its implementation. However, challenges such as researcher positioning, ethical dilemmas, and the complexity of cultural interpretation remain. Conclusions: Integrating ethnonursing into clinical practice enhances the delivery of interculturally competent care that upholds human dignity. In a global context marked by increasing cultural diversity and migratory flows, ethnographic approaches contribute significantly to tailoring care to patients' cultural needs, reinforcing the central role of nursing in promoting equitable and respectful healthcare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Andreia Faleiro, Cláudia Oliveira (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Therapeutic Relationship in Rehabilitation Nursing: Promotion of Culturally Sensitive Environments in the Community Context
Introduction: Growing globalization and increased immigration, evidenced by the significant growth of the immigrant population in Portugal, have directly impacted healthcare, requiring culturally sensitive practices. Objective: To analyze the establishment of the therapeutic relationship between the person and the rehabilitation nurse in order to promote culturally diverse environments in a community context. Method: A theoretical reflection was carried out based on a review of the relevant scientific literature. This theoretical reflection was grounded in an exploratory Boolean search (MeSH and free terms) in PubMed, Google Scholar and EBSCOHost-indexed databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Nursing & Allied Health Collection, LISTA, MedicLatina) between March and April 2025. 164 records were retrieved and, after screening, 6 conceptually grounded articles were included in the synthesis. Results: Rehabilitation Nursing in a community setting faces the challenge of promoting humanized and effective care, while respecting cultural diversity. Madeleine Leininger's Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care provides the foundations for a person-centered and culturally congruent nursing practice, valuing the beliefs, values and practices of each individual. The therapeutic relationship emerges as the central axis of this care, favoring empowerment, adherence to treatment and the promotion of autonomy and functionality. Thus, the Rehabilitation Nurse must act as a facilitator of inclusive care, promoting culturally sensitive therapeutic environments, especially in multicultural community contexts. Conclusions: This approach increases the effectiveness of care and strengthens the social integration of people undergoing rehabilitation, consolidating a practice that is ethical, transformative and centered on human dignity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tiago Branco , Ana Sanches, Carla Ramalho, Filipe Silva, Luís Sousa, Nelson Guerra, Sandy Severino (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Cardiac prehabilitation Programs: indications, implications, challenges and future directions
Introduction: Cardiac prehabilitation programs have emerged as effective multimodal strategies in preparing patients for elective cardiac surgeries. These programs aim to optimize the clinical condition of patients, especially the most vulnerable, reducing risks and improving postoperative outcomes. Objective: To summarize cardiac prehabilitation programs, analyzing their main indications, clinical benefits, implementation challenges and prospects for future research. Method: This is a critical narrative analysis based on a review of the current scientific literature on cardiac prehabilitation, focusing on studies that address program components, evidence of effectiveness and implications for clinical practice. Results: Cardiac prehabilitation programs include aerobic and strength training, respiratory muscle strengthening, nutritional support and psychobehavioral interventions. Evidence highlights significant improvements in functional capacity, reduced length of hospital stay, lower incidence of pulmonary complications and increased quality of life, especially among frail elderly patients and patients with comorbidities. Implementation requires careful planning and interdisciplinary action, with emphasis on the central role of nursing. Conclusion: The integration of cardiac prehabilitation into perioperative protocols represents an opportunity to improve clinical outcomes and the efficiency of health care. Investments in team training, organizational structure and future research are essential to consolidate this approach in clinical practice.
Information Motivation Behavioral Skills Model
Copyright (c) 2025 Luís Sousa, Ricardo Mestre, João Tomás, Sandy Severino (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dating Violence: Responsibility of the Nurse Specialist in Community and Public Health
Dating violence represents a significant public health challenge. Recent data indicates an increase in its prevalence, with serious consequences for the victims, making intervention necessary. A theoretical-reflective methodology was used, supported by bibliographic research. Recent national findings show an increase in the legitimization of physical violence, control, and stalking. The consequences for victims range from low self-esteem to suicidal behavior. The results are unanimous in reinforcing the importance of prevention and raising awareness about healthy relationships. The specialist nurse in community and public health plays an important role in raising awareness and educating young people about the issue, due to their specific competencies. The lack of studies highlights the need for further research to build evidence that enables effective intervention. Keywords: Intimate Partner Violence; Adolescent; Health; Community Health Nursing; Public Health
Copyright (c) 2025 Guida Graça, Daniela Costa, Sara Pereira, João Tomás, Ricardo Sousa Mestre, Paula Agostinho, Susana Valido (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rehabilitation nursing in promoting health literacy in the elderly and preventing falls
The aim of this study was to map the available scientific evidence on the intervention of rehabilitation nurse specialists in the promotion of health literacy, with an emphasis on the prevention of falls in the elderly. The literature review suggest a positive relationship between adequate Health Literacy and a lower prevalence of falls, although more studies are needed to consolidate this association. The promotion of Health Literacy in the context of falls prevention can be operationalized in three main areas: identification and assessment of risk factors; mobilization and provision of resources; education, teaching and training. Within the scope of their competencies, rehabilitation nurses play a central role in developing and implementing strategies that promote the empowerment of the elderly, providing tools that facilitate informed decision-making and the adoption of behaviors aimed at preventing falls.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Leonor Carvalho, Marta Carvalho, Ricardo Mestre , Sandy Severino , Luís Sousa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Art Therapy in people with dementia: a rapid literature review
Introduction: dementia is a highly prevalent condition, affecting approximately 55 million people worldwide. Art therapy is identified as a non-pharmacological intervention that can offer benefits in managing dementia symptoms. The objective was to map the evidence in the existing literature about the benefits associated with art therapy on the quality of life of elderly people with dementia in a community setting. Method: a rapid literature review was conducted, addressing the PICO question, "What evidence is there about the benefits of art therapy for older adults with dementia in the community?”. CINAHL and MEDLINE databases (via EBSCOhost) were used for this study, on 23/11/2024. Reference lists of the selected articles and Google Scholar were also reviewed. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies focused on individuals aged 65 and older with dementia, involving art therapy interventions, published between 2019 and 2024, in English or Portuguese. Studies which refered to secondary dementias due to other conditions, hospital care, and programs exclusively for caregivers were excluded. Results: 8 studies were analyzed, that included music therapy, painting and visual arts, drama, and poetry. The identified benefits included improvements in the quality of life, social interaction, self-esteem, relaxation and general well-being, relief of emotional symptoms, as well as economic benefits. Conclusions: the use of art therapy is an approach that may improve quality of life and well-being. It is essential to adapt the chosen intervention to the individual's needs. This review has some limitations, such as the risk of bias due to deficits in blinding in some analyzed studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Vicente, Mariana Vala, Ricardo Mestre, Susana Valido, Isabel Rabiais, João Tomás , Sandy Severino, Helena José , Luis Sousa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rehabilitation Nursing from the perspective of Orem, Meleis and Swanson - person, family and community
Currently people present a multiplicity and complexity of illnesses in clinical contexts, there is room for health professionals to respond with appropriate approaches to human needs and responses to situations of vulnerability. The description of rehabilitation nursing care in health contexts, from the theoretical perspective of Orem, Meleis and Swanson, can be a facilitating process in understanding a complex reality, promoting self-care and well-being. The Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist, focused on a relationship of partnership with the person, family and community, with specific and personalized theoretical support, can show health gains in enhancing self-care, promoting mastery and well-being.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafaela Pereira , Luís Sousa , Sandy Severino (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Process of Autonomy of indigenous peoples in the state of Michoacán today
The article analyzed the process of autonomy of the indigenous communities in Michoacán, highlighting the historical struggle of these peoples for their self-determination. Autonomy was presented as a complex process that allowed various communities to establish systems of self-government to avoid dependence on local councils. In this context, the case of Cherán K'eri was mentioned, which in 2011 demonstrated strong internal solidarity while facing state repression. Furthermore, in 2004, the communities of Nurio and Quinceo also declared themselves autonomous, setting a precedent in the region. The study showed how autonomy not only represented a vindication of collective rights, but also forced nation states to rethink their political structures. The influence of the Zapatista uprising in 1994 and the legal reforms of 2001 that promoted the recognition of indigenous rights were mentioned. The importance of various legal bodies, such as the SCJN and the TEPJF, in the protection of these rights was also highlighted. The article also addressed the administration of communal resources, the fight against political corruption and the establishment of community security bodies, such as the Kuarichas. Finally, the progress of these communities in their self-government was recognized, although the need to guarantee an efficient use of the budget was emphasized. Indigenous autonomy in Michoacán was presented as an evolving process, marked by resistance, organization and the search for collective well-being.
Copyright (c) 2024 Moises Servin Cazares (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The acculturation process of ethnic youth during their time at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas
Indigenous education in Mexico revealed profound inequalities with respect to the rest of the population. The Sectoral Education Program 2020-2024 established that inclusion and educational equity were fundamental pillars to guarantee social justice. In this context, the research addressed the acculturation process of ethnic youth at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas (UAZ), through life histories and qualitative techniques such as interviews, non-participant observation, and documentary analysis. Historically, indigenous education in Mexico has been marked by acculturation, forced assimilation and castellanization. During the colonial period, missionaries promoted evangelization and established schools with the aim of transforming indigenous identity. Subsequently, in the 19th and 20th centuries, the education system continued to exert pressure to integrate native peoples into the mestizo national culture, perpetuating the marginalization of their identity. In the 21st century, although constitutional reforms and intercultural education programs were implemented, ethnic youth still faced obstacles in higher education. The lack of records on indigenous students at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas (UAZ) highlighted the absence of institutional policies aimed at their inclusion. The research used Grounded Theory and the Expanded Model of Relative Acculturation to analyze the cultural adaptation of these students. Using ATLAS.ti software and Sankey Diagrams, their experiences were represented, making visible the barriers and challenges they faced in their university journey.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisandra Rodriguez Benitez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Women's participation in the process of autonomy in the community of Cherán, Michoacán
Indigenous women have often been judged without foundation or reason, they have been denied participation in public life, denied the right to let their voice express everything they consider to be best for their people or for society as a whole. In Cheran Michoacán, with a “Basta ya!” (Enough already!) that came from the mouths of some women, the transformation of an environment full of violence that filled the community members of that native town with fear began. Relationships between each of the members of the community were strengthened, to protect what was most sacred to them: “life, mother nature”. It also led to a change that benefited women in terms of political participation, because they began to be present in the assemblies, in the Greater Council, representing the interests of each one of them and also of their territory.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ana Patricia Rodriguez Velazquez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Educommunication and communication for social change: a proposal aimed at the elderly
Educommunication is a field of Communication for Development that lacks theoretical and practical integration. In turn, communication for social change is presented as an approach oriented towards the conscious and participatory resilience of the subjects involved in the transformation process. Both paradigms are inseparable and are assumed to be an alternative for educating social groups following the principles of equity, social justice, collective responsibility and respect for self-determination. In this sense, the general objective of the present research is the elaboration of a proposal for an educommunicative strategy oriented towards the formation of infocommunicational competences in older people from the Chair of the Elderly at the University of Havana, based on the models of Washington Uranga and Carlos Núñez. To this end, a systematization of the theoretical assumptions on educommunication and communication for social change was carried out. The models of the aforementioned authors were characterized in order to select the fundamental aspects that would structure the proposal. The elements to be included in each phase of the strategy were determined, taking into account the criteria provided by those involved in the questionnaire applied during the research. The willingness to learn, innovate, participate and transform themselves served as common denominators in the structuring of the final project.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yanela Lázara Rosabal Segarte (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mentoring in Developing Best Practices for Elementary School Teachers in Indonesia
Introduction: Elementary school teachers face challenges in designing and documenting best practices from their teaching experiences. These difficulties are often caused by a lack of understanding of what constitutes best practices, how to format and write them systematically, and the limited specialized training to support these skills. Teachers need ongoing support through training and technical guidance to develop skills for effectively documenting and disseminating best practices. Objective: The aim of this community service program is to improve teachers' ability to develop best practices. Methods: This study uses a lesson study method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was obtained from observing activities during training and filling out descriptive questionnaires. Results: The methods and teaching materials used by teachers are dominated by methods and sources that are less relevant to the needs of the times. Low student attention, interest, and competence reinforce that there are deficiencies in the learning process. Teachers need e-modules based on local wisdom to help improve cultural literacy and critical thinking skills. Conclusions: This study concludes that there is a need to develop teaching materials in the form of e-modules developed based on local wisdom that can improve cultural literacy and critical thinking skills for elementary school students
Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Basari Eko Wahyudi , Moh Salimi , Ratna Hidayah , Suhartono, Wahyono, Tri Saptuti Susiani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Development of intercultural competence of university teachers. A teacher training experience
Unlike training, which involves the preparation of an organization's personnel to perform a certain activity, teacher training deals with the “acquisition, definition and redefinition of skills, knowledge, abilities and values for the performance of the teaching function throughout their professional life” (Estepa Murillo et al., 2005), which has recently been characterized as competencies that teachers should develop as part of their professional profile. This training, however, is mostly focused on pedagogical aspects (teaching planning, development of teaching-learning or assessment strategies, development of teaching materials) and lately on the inclusion of technological tools and Artificial Intelligence to “improve” classes -especially since the Covid-19 pandemic- and leaves aside other important aspects for the development of the teaching person. This paper presents the redesign of a workshop whose main objective is to develop intercultural competence in higher education teachers, specifically around the French language, culture and education, while guiding them in their search for mobility options to French-speaking countries, which, incidentally, are less widespread compared to Anglo-Saxon options.
Copyright (c) 2024 Karla Leticia Prisco Sainz, Flores Gómez, María Melisa, Mónica Vargas Grande (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Humanized Care of Nursing Students of the Adventist Technological Institute of Ecuador, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas
Caring is a human activity that is defined as a relationship and a process whose purpose goes beyond simply treating illnesses. In the field of nursing, care is considered the essence of the profession. Humanized care is essential in the ethical and social values of nurse-patient care, implying the application of ethical principles and the student's self-perception. This process is based on the connection and shared experiences between the nurse and the patient. The objective of this research was to determine the level of applicability of humanized care in relation to the sociodemographic data of the Nursing students of the Adventist Technological Institute of Ecuador, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas 2021. No relationship was found between the age of the students and the perception of humanized care (X² = 6.382; P = 0.1759). There was also no association between gender and humanized care (X² = 1.787; P = 0.4092). The students' degree did not show a relationship with humanized care (X² = 3.414; P = 0.1814). However, there is a significant relationship between the level of the student cycle and humanized care (X² = 17.615; P = 0.024) at the regular level. The results suggest that academic development influences the ability to provide more humanized care
Copyright (c) 2025 Raquel Anabel Cabrera Ponce, Melany Yelixa Solorzano Sabando, Miguel Ángel Enríquez Jácome, Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Knowledge and attitudes about blood donation in residents of the Chigüilpe commune
Introduction: blood transfusion is a procedure performed daily in health institutions to ensure clinical and surgical care. Every year, blood needs are greater than availability, which influences the scarcity of the resource. This research was conducted with the aim of describing knowledge and attitudes about blood donation. Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 146 people from the Chigüilpe commune. A 19-question survey was used, divided into two dimensions: the first assesses sociodemographic data and the second information related to knowledge about donations. The instrument was applied in person and through an online form. Results: males predominated over females (60,3 %), 37,7 % were between 45 and 60 years old, 65,8% reported having donated blood at some point, 1,4 % reported not knowing the usefulness of donated blood, only 2,7 % considered donating to be harmful to health, and 81,5 % expressed their willingness to donate in the future. The main motivation for donating was that a family member or friend needed the blood (63 %). Conclusions: the residents of the Chigüilpe commune showed a moderate general knowledge about blood donations, which became lower when dealing with specifics on the subject such as requirements. A positive attitude towards donation and a low percentage of erroneous beliefs were found
Copyright (c) 2025 Ruth Calderón Landívar , Claudia Nicole Salazar Duque , María Guiliana Yánez Agila , Jenrry Fredy Chávez Arizala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Breastfeeding and education in the puerperium
This systematic review explores the effectiveness of various educational and emotional interventions to promote breastfeeding in the postpartum period, analyzing their benefits and limitations. Interventions include prenatal educational programs, mobile apps, emotional support, nutritional supplementation, and personalized teaching methods such as teach-back, which has been shown to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy. Research shows that a combination of approaches, such as psychosocial support and technology integration, is essential to reduce practical and emotional barriers faced by mothers, especially in cases of cesarean section, postpartum depression, and socioeconomic vulnerability. Although some interventions do not directly increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, they reduce the perception of difficulties, contributing to more effective breastfeeding. The study concludes that a holistic approach, including education, emotional support and counseling, is key to improving breastfeeding outcomes and supporting maternal and child health in diverse populations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Elena Alfonso (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0