Immigration and work, considerations about the challenges in Brazil: bibliographic review of the literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/cid2024128Keywords:
Border Health, Emigration and Immigration, Brazil, Work, Health VulnerabilityAbstract
Introduction: migratory flows towards countries that have more labor supply are not recent. In this sense, the arrival of immigrants in host countries, in many cases, makes this population more susceptible to health risk situations because of work activities, lack of integration with the local population and the immigration process itself.
Methods: the study used a bibliographic review of the literature as a method. In this context, integration policies and the recognition of educational training in the country of origin can contribute to improving the living conditions of this population in Brazil.
Results: in this context, this study aims to provide a summary of the challenges faced by immigrants in search of improved living conditions. Furthermore, this study contributes to identifying the main challenges facing immigrants recently arrived in Brazil and the difficult process of integration into local society. It is observed that the authors highlight in common that, worldwide, in the different receiving countries, regardless of the social, political, and economic context in which the immigrants find themselves, there is some destructive process that conditions the health-disease process of this population, resulting from the various factors mentioned above.
Conclusion: yet the positive contribution of migration to development is increasingly recognized, and these targeted policies will maximize their benefits in both countries of origin and destination
References
1. Fleming PJ, et al. Marginalization, discrimination, and the health of Latino immigrant day labourers in a central North Carolina community. Health Soc Care Community. 2007;25(2):527-37.
2. Demétrio NB, Baeninger R, Domeniconi J de OS. Haitian immigration in Brazil: humanitarian subject and family reunification. REMHU Rev Interdiscip Mobil Hum. 2023;31(67):177-95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880006711.
3. Cayuela A. Scoping review about working conditions and health of immigrants’ workers in Spain. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor. 2017;20(4):225-6.
4. Racape J, et al. Are all immigrant mothers really at risk of low birth weight and perinatal mortality? The crucial role of socio-economic status. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016.
5. Drbohlav D, Dzúrová D. Social hazards as manifested workplace discrimination and health (Vietnamese and Ukrainian female and male migrants in Czechia). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(10).
6. Velásquez Vargas JE, Shimizu HE, Monteiro PS, Edinson J, Vargas V. The vulnerabilities of Venezuelan immigrants in Brazil and Colombia from the perspective of Intervention Bioethics. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2023;57(spe):e20230081. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2023-0081PT.
7. GIL AC. Methods and techniques of social research. 6th ed. São Paulo: Editora Atlas S.A.; 2008.
8. Lopes CMS. Immigration law: the status of foreigners from a human rights perspective. Porto Alegre: Núria Fabris Editora; 2009.
9. Sampaio ML, de Almeida ACG, Silveira C, Matsue RY, Martin D. Socio-sanitary repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic for immigrants and refugees in Brazil: a narrative review of the literature. REMHU Rev Interdiscip Mobil Hum. 2023;31(68):219-39. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880006814.
10. Goldberg A, Silveira C. Social inequality, conditions of access to public health and care processes in Bolivian immigrants from Buenos Aires and São Paulo: A comparative investigation. Saude Soc. 2013;22(2):1-14.
11. Breilh J. Critical epidemiology: emancipatory science and interculturality. 20th ed. Rio de Janeiro: FIOCRUZ; 2006.
12. International Organization for Migration. International migration, health, and human rights. 2023. p. 1-68.
13. Leão LH DA C, et al. The health of Haitian immigrant workers in Mato Grosso, Brazil: vulnerabilities and risks. Collective Health. 2018;14(4):779-95.
14. Bas-sarmiento P, et al. Mental Health in Immigrants Versus Native Population: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2017.
15. CARVALHO L DE. Obstacles to validating professional experience and the productive integration of refugees: a study among recruiters in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. Cadernos EBAPE.BR. 2023;21(4):e2022-0145. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120220145.
16. Guerra K, Ventura M. Bioethics, immigration, and health care: tensions and convergences on human rights in health in Brazil in regional integration of two countries. Collective Health Notebooks. 2017;25(1):123-9.
17. Barreto TM de AC, Ferko GP da S, Rodrigues F dos S. Hospital treatment costs for diseases attributable to environmental factors among the residents of Boa Vista and the increment of care to Venezuanian migrants. Cad Saúde Colet. 2022;30(2):235-43. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462X202230020216.
18. Lima SS, Silva LMM. Haitian Immigration in Brazil: The Reasons for the Migration Wave, the Proposals for the Inclusion of Immigrants, and their Protection of Human Dignity. Law, State and Society. 2016;48(44):167-95.
19. David JB, Lucia M, Rizzotto F, Aparecida L, Nabuco De Gouvêa V. Ways of living and working of Haitian immigrants in Western Paraná/Brazil. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2023;57(spe):e20230030. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2023-0030PT.
20. Rosario Quiroz FJ, Espinoza Oncoy AW. Resilience and life satisfaction in migrant university students residing in Lima. AG Salud. 2023;1:9. https://doi.org/10.62486/agsalud20239
21. International Migration Observatory; Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Permits granted to immigrants. 2019.
22. Brazil. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br.
23. Brazil. Law No. 13,445, of May 24, 2017. Official Gazette of the Union. 2017. Available from: http://www.buriti.df.gov.br/ftp/diariooficial/2001/10_Outubro/DODF%20191%20-%2003-10%20-2001/DODF%20%20Section%203%2003-10-2001.pdf. Accessed on: November 12, 2023.
24. Brazil. Law No. 8,080, of September 19, 1990. Official Gazette of União Brasil. 1990. Available from: https://dre.pt/application/file/67508032. Accessed on: November 18, 2023.
25. Fernandes D, Castro M DA C. G. Haitian migration to Brazil: results of research at the destination. In: Haitian migration to Brazil: characteristics, opportunities, and challenges. Buenos Aires: International Organization for Migrations; 2014.
26. Cavalcanti L, et al. Haitian immigration in Brazil: socio-demographic and labor characteristics in the southern region and the Federal District. Federal District: Ministry of Labor; 2021.
27. Rosa IC, Mejía MRG, Périco E. Public policies and support networks to Haitian migrants, in a small municipality in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Serv Soc Soc. 2021;141:285-302. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-6628.250.
28. Baeninger R. Crisis migration: Haitian migration to Brazil. Braz J Popul Stud. 2017;34(1):119-43.
29. Eberhardt LD, et al. Haitian immigration in Cascavel, Paraná: point of convergence between history(s), work, and health. Health Debate. 2018;42(118):676-86, 7 Nov.
30. Bortoloto CC, Da Cunha MLM, Meurer S, Timoteo VM. Frontier and cold stores determinants of the new migratory flows in Medianeira. Braz J Dev. 2021;7(7):69608-27. Available from: https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n7-234.
31. Carvalho JI DOS S. L. Work and immigration: experiences based on the narratives of Haitian immigrants in Western Paraná. Hist Times Mag. 2020;24(1):165-82.
32. Souza JB, et al. Social determinants of the health of Haitian immigrant women: repercussions in coping with COVID-19. Electron Nurs Mag. 2020;22
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 David Jean Bart, Marie Florence Thélusma (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
